CO₂ Corrosion is a form of degradation that occurs when dissolved CO₂ in condensate forms carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which corrodes steels and low alloys to form an iron carbonate scale. CO₂ corrosion is most typically found in boiler condensate return systems that are not adequately treated with corrosion inhibitors.

The rate of corrosion in materials affected by CO₂ corrosion is dependant on several factors such as the concentration of CO₂ in the environment, the operating conditions in which the components work, and the type of materials they are composed of. It’s also important to be aware of the water chemistry that is going on around the equipment; for example, alkaline water that has been de-aerated can build up incredibly high CO₂ levels.

Water analysis is the best way to detect condensate problems that may lead to leaks in condensate return systems. Radiography or ultrasonic thickness measurements on the bottom of condensate piping and on the back side of elbows or other areas of higher velocity and/or turbulence may also detect localized thinning typical of condensate corrosion. To better avoid CO₂ corrosion, one should adequately treat condensate return systems with corrosion inhibitors and upgrade various affected components to 304 SS.

Related Topics

• Amine Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
• Ammonia Stress Corrosion Cracking
• Brittle Fracture
• Carburization
• Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement)
• Cavitation
• Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking
• Cooling Water Corrosion
• Corrosion Fatigue
• Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI)
• Cracking
• Decarburization
• Embrittlement
• Erosion Corrosion
• Fatigue (Material)
• Graphitization
• High Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA)
• Hydrochloric (HCl) Acid Corrosion
• Hydrofluoric (HF) Acid Corrosion
• Hydrogen Blistering
• Hydrogen Embrittlement
• Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC)
• Hydrogen Stress Cracking
• Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME)
• Metal Dusting
• Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC)
• Naphthenic Acid Corrosion (NAC)
• Phosphoric Acid Corrosion
• Polythionic Acid Stress Corrosion Cracking (PASCC)
• Spheroidization (Softening)
• Stress Assisted Corrosion
• Stress-Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking (SOHIC)
• Sulfidation Corrosion
• Sulfuric Acid Corrosion
• Thermal Fatigue
• Vibration-Induced Fatigue
• Wet H2S Damage

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