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Overview
There are varying forms of metallurgical embrittlement that can degrade the material properties and specifically, the load-carrying capacity of pressure retaining components. In general, these embrittlement mechanisms are a function of equipment metallurgy/steel chemistry, heat treatment, and process conditions, including chemical constituents, internal pressure (stress), and operating temperature. This eBook examines the following metallurgical embrittlement damage mechanisms:
- Hydrogen Embrittlement
- Temper Embrittlement
- Liquid Metal Embrittlement
- 885°F (475°C) Embrittlement
- Sigma Phase Embrittlement
- Carburization
This eBook summarizes the fundamental characteristics, damage morphologies, critical process and metallurgical parameters, and commonly affected pressure equipment subject to in-service hydrogen embrittlement, temper embrittlement, liquid metal embrittlement, 885°F embrittlement, sigma phase embrittlement, and carburization. It also offers realistic approaches for evaluating in-service equipment subject to the aforementioned forms of metallurgical embrittlement. Finally, this eBook will highlight practical perspectives and actionable steps aimed at mitigating in-service material property degradation, including careful material selection and fabrication techniques, and thorough repair weld and heat treatment procedures.
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